THE FALL OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH

MEMORY VERSE

Lamentations 3:22, ESV

The steadfast love of the Lord never ceases;

    his mercies never come to an end.

DAY 1

2 Kings 17:1-6, NIrV

1 Hoshea became king of Israel in Samaria. It was in the 12th year that Ahaz was king of Judah. Hoshea ruled for nine years. He was the son of Elah. 2 Hoshea did what was evil in the eyes of the Lord. But he wasn’t as evil as the kings of Israel who ruled before him.


3 Shalmaneser came up to attack Hoshea. Shalmaneser was king of Assyria. He had been Hoshea’s master. He had forced Hoshea to bring him gifts. 4 But the king of Assyria found out that Hoshea had turned against him. Hoshea had sent messengers to So, the king of Egypt. Hoshea didn’t send gifts to the king of Assyria anymore. He had been sending them every year. So Shalmaneser grabbed him and put him in prison. 5 The king of Assyria marched into the whole land of Israel. He marched to Samaria and surrounded it for three years. From time to time he attacked it. 6 Finally, the king of Assyria captured Samaria. It was in the ninth year of Hoshea. The king of Assyria took the Israelites away from their own land. He sent them off to Assyria. He made some of them live in Halah. He made others live in Gozan on the Habor River. And he made others live in the towns of the Medes.

BIBLE STUDY

Over 200 years had passed since the one kingdom of Israel split into two half-kingdoms: Israel and Judah. In the north, Israel had been ruled by 20 different kings – all of them bad! Evil King Hoshea wasn’t the worst, but he definitely was the last! Each year, Hoshea was forced to send a tribute (expensive gifts of money and supplies) to Shalmaneser, ruler of the mighty kingdom of Assyria. When Hoshea decided, “I don’t want to pay a tribute anymore!”, the angry Assyrian army attacked. Shalmaneser’s soldiers sacked the capital city of Samaria and dragged the people away as prisoners.


+ Who was the last king of Israel and what was he like? (vs. 1-2)


+ What did the Assyrian army do with the people of Israel? (vs. 6)

DAY 2

2 Kings 17:7-14, NIrV

7 All of this took place because the Israelites had sinned against the Lord their God. He had brought them up out of Egypt. He had brought them out from under the power of Pharaoh, the king of Egypt. But they worshiped other gods. 8 The Lord had driven out other nations to make room for Israel. But they followed the evil practices of those nations. They also followed the practices that the kings of Israel had started. 9 The Israelites did things in secret against the Lord their God. What they did wasn’t right. They built high places for worship in all their towns. They built them at lookout towers. They also built them at cities that had high walls around them. 10 They set up sacred stones. And they set up poles used to worship the female god named Asherah. They did that on every high hill and under every green tree. 11 The Lord had driven out nations to make room for Israel. But the Israelites burned incense at every high place, just as those nations had done. The Israelites did evil things that made the Lord very angry. 12 They worshiped statues of gods. They did it even though the Lord had said, “Do not do that.” 13 The Lord warned Israel and Judah through all his prophets and seers. He said, “Turn from your evil ways. Keep my commands and rules. Obey every part of my Law. I commanded your people who lived long ago to obey it. And I gave it to you through my servants the prophets.”


14 But the people wouldn’t listen. They were as stubborn as their people of long ago had been. Those people didn’t trust in the Lord their God.

BIBLE STUDY

700 years before the Assyrians conquered the half-kingdom of Israel, God gave his people a serious warning. In Leviticus 18:24-28, God spoke of the land he was going to give to the Israelites. The land was good, but it was filled with bad people doing evil things. God warned, “If you follow in their wicked footsteps, I’ll make this land spit you right out of it!” Sadly, the people didn’t listen! They totally ignored God’s warning and worshiped all of the same “gods” that the people before them worshiped. So God kept his promise and used the Assyrian army to “spit” the evil Israelites out of the land!


+ Why did God let the Assyrian army conquer and capture the Israelites? (vs. 7)


+ When God sent prophets to warn the Israelites, what did the people do? (vs. 13-14)

DAY 3

2 Kings 23:31-37, NIrV

31 Jehoahaz was 23 years old when he became king. He ruled in Jerusalem for three months. His mother’s name was Hamutal. She was the daughter of Jeremiah. She was from Libnah. 32 Jehoahaz did what was evil in the eyes of the Lord. He did just as the kings who had ruled before him had done. 33 Pharaoh Necho put him in chains at Riblah in the land of Hamath. That kept him from ruling in Jerusalem. Necho made the people of Judah pay him a tax of almost four tons of silver and 75 pounds of gold. 34 Pharaoh Necho made Eliakim king in place of his father Josiah. Necho changed Eliakim’s name to Jehoiakim. But he took Jehoahaz with him to Egypt. And that’s where Jehoahaz died. 35 Jehoiakim paid Pharaoh Necho the silver and gold he required. To get the money, Jehoiakim taxed the land. He forced the people to give him the silver and gold. He made each one pay him what he required.


36 Jehoiakim was 25 years old when he became king. He ruled in Jerusalem for 11 years. His mother’s name was Zebidah. She was the daughter of Pedaiah. She was from Rumah. 37 Jehoiakim did what was evil in the eyes of the Lord. He did just as the kings who had ruled before him had done.

BIBLE STUDY

The Assyrian army had wiped the half-kingdom of Israel off the face of the planet. But over 100 years later, the other half-kingdom, Judah, was still hanging on. It was ruled by good King Josiah. If you remember, he smashed all the altars, idols, and statues of the false gods. He repaired God's temple. And after finding the lost scroll of God's laws, he led his people in obeying God's commands. But sadly, after Josiah came two lousy kings. These evil rulers led their people back onto a road headed for destruction!


+ What were King Jehoahaz and King Jehoaikim like? (vs. 31-32 and 36-37)


+ What did Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, do to king Jehoahaz? (vs. 33)

DAY 4

2 Kings 24:8-17, NIRV

8 Jehoiachin was 18 years old when he became king. He ruled in Jerusalem for three months. His mother’s name was Nehushta. She was the daughter of Elnathan. She was from Jerusalem. 9 Jehoiachin did what was evil in the eyes of the Lord. He did just as his father Jehoiakim had done.


10 At that time the officers of Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, marched to Jerusalem. They surrounded it and got ready to attack it. 11 Nebuchadnezzar himself came up to the city. He arrived while his officers were attacking it. 12 Jehoiachin, the king of Judah, handed himself over to Nebuchadnezzar. Jehoiachin’s mother did the same thing. And so did all his attendants, nobles and officials.


The king of Babylon took Jehoiachin away as his prisoner. It was in the eighth year of Nebuchadnezzar’s rule. 13 Nebuchadnezzar removed the treasures from the Lord’s temple. He also removed the treasures from the royal palace. He cut up the gold objects that Solomon, the king of Israel, had made for the temple. That’s what the Lord had announced would happen. 14 Nebuchadnezzar took all the people of Jerusalem to the land of Babylon as prisoners. That included all the officers and fighting men. It also included all the skilled workers. The total number of prisoners was 10,000. Only the poorest people were left in the land.


15 Nebuchadnezzar took Jehoiachin to Babylon as his prisoner. He also took the king’s mother from Jerusalem to Babylon. And he took Jehoiachin’s wives, his officials and the most important people of the land. 16 The king also forced the whole army of 7,000 soldiers to go away to the land of Babylon. Those men were strong and able to go to war. And the king forced 1,000 skilled workers to go to Babylon. 17 Nebuchadnezzar made Jehoiachin’s uncle Mattaniah king in his place. And Nebuchadnezzar changed Mattaniah’s name to Zedekiah.

BIBLE STUDY

After the half-kingdom of Israel spend hundreds of years breaking his commands, God allowed the Assyrian army to wipe them out. When the people of the southern half-kingdom of Judah followed in Israel’s foolish footsteps, God allowed another army to do the same thing to them. This time, it wasn’t the angry Assyrians, but the big, bad Babylonians, let by powerful King Nebuchadnezzar. By the time his soldiers had finished their attack, everything of value had been stripped away from the city of Jerusalem: the people, the king’s treasures, even the holy items from God’s temple!


+ Why did God let the Babylonian army defeat the people of the kingdom of Judah?


+ The soldiers carried away the temple’s treasures. What special things were in there?

DAY 5

2 Kings 24:18-25:6, NIRV

18 Zedekiah was 21 years old when he became king. He ruled in Jerusalem for 11 years. His mother’s name was Hamutal. She was the daughter of Jeremiah. She was from Libnah. 19 Zedekiah did what was evil in the eyes of the Lord. He did just as Jehoiakim had done. 20 The enemies of Jerusalem and Judah attacked them because the Lord was angry. In the end the Lord threw them out of his land.


Zedekiah also refused to remain under the control of Nebuchadnezzar.

...

1 Nebuchadnezzar was king of Babylon. He marched out against Jerusalem. His whole army went with him. It was in the ninth year of the rule of Zedekiah. It was on the tenth day of the tenth month. Nebuchadnezzar set up camp outside the city. He brought in war machines all around it. 2 It was surrounded until the 11th year of King Zedekiah’s rule.


3 By the ninth day of the fourth month, there wasn’t any food left in the city. So the people didn’t have anything to eat. 4 Then the Babylonians broke through the city wall. Judah’s whole army ran away at night. They went out through the gate between the two walls near the king’s garden. They escaped even though the Babylonians surrounded the city. Judah’s army ran toward the Arabah Valley. 5 But the Babylonian army chased King Zedekiah. They caught up with him in the plains near Jericho. All his soldiers were separated from him. They had scattered in every direction. 6 The king was captured.


He was taken to the king of Babylon at Riblah. That’s where Nebuchadnezzar decided how he would be punished.

BIBLE STUDY

King Nebuchadnezzar chose a king to rule over what was left of the kingdom of Judah. Zedekiah was a “puppet king.” If he did exactly what Nebuchadnezzar wanted, like a puppet being operated by a puppeteer, the Babylonians left him alone. But after nine years, Zedekiah was sick and tired of being Babylon’s puppet! He tried to fight back, but Nebuchadnezzar’s mighty army completely surrounded his city. For two years, no person was able to get out, and no food was able to get in. Out of food and starving to death, Zedekiah escaped through a hole in the city wall, but was quickly captured.


+ Zedekiah was a “puppet king” of Nebuchadnezzar. What does that mean?


+ Why were the people in the city of Jerusalem starving? (vs. 1-3)

DAY 6

2 Kings 25:8-12, NIRV

8 Nebuzaradan was an official of the king of Babylon. In fact, he was commander of the royal guard. He came to Jerusalem. It was in the 19th year that Nebuchadnezzar was king of Babylon. It was on the seventh day of the fifth month. 9 Nebuzaradan set the Lord’s temple on fire. He also set fire to the royal palace and all the houses in Jerusalem. He burned down every important building. 10 The whole Babylonian army broke down the walls around Jerusalem. That’s what the commander told them to do. 11 Some people still remained in the city. But Nebuzaradan the commander took them away as prisoners. He also took the rest of the people of the land. That included those who had joined the king of Babylon. 12 But the commander left behind some of the poorest people of the land. He told them to work in the vineyards and fields.

BIBLE STUDY

The first time King Nebuchadnezzar’s army attacked the city of Jerusalem, his men returned to their homeland carrying all of Judah’s treasures and most of Judah’s people with them. When Babylon’s king sent his soldiers a second time, they didn’t mess around. They came to flatten the city of Jerusalem to the ground!

To make sure this dirty job was done right, the king sent Nebuzaradan, his trusted servant and head bodyguard. And boy, was he good at his job! Nebuzaradan burned down the king’s beautiful palace and every great house in the city. He broke down all the strong walls around Jerusalem. And worst of all, he burned down the temple, the special building where God had promised to meet with his people. When Nebuzaradan was finished, the city of Jerusalem was little more than a smoking pile of rubble!

The people of Judah were now exiles, prisoners living in the faraway land of Babylon. There, the people spoke a different language, ate different foods, and worshiped different gods. Even if they somehow escaped, they no longer had homes to return to. And with God’s temple destroyed, it seemed like even the Lord had deserted them.

The people of Judah were certainly sad, but they shouldn’t have been surprised. Way back in the book of Leviticus, almost 900 years earlier, God warned them about all this. If they foolishly forgot his commands and sinfully served other gods, the Lord promised he would spit them right out of the land. And he kept that promise. The destruction of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah show us how seriously God hates sin.

Next time, we’ll read about the history of the people of Judah as they lived as exiles in Babylon, strangers in a strange land. And we’ll see that God is not only a God who seriously hates sin, but also a God who loves his people with a steadfast (never-stopping) love. His house in Jerusalem may have been burned to the ground, but God was with his people in Babylon. And 70 years later, he safely returned them to their homeland to rebuild all that the Babylonians had destroyed.

The story of the kingdom of Judah is a bit like our own experience with God. Like them, we’ve broken God’s commands many times. And God hates our sin just as much as he hated their sin over 2,500 years ago. Their sins led to the destruction of their kingdom, but ours leads to death, forever outside of God’s good kingdom.

But thankfully, God loves us with the same steadfast, never-stopping love he felt for the exiles in Babylon. To rescue us from the dreadful curse of sin, he sent his only Son Jesus. To pay sin’s price, Jesus was killed on a cross. To defeat sin’s curse, Jesus rose back to life on the third day. And like he brought the exiles safely home from Babylon, he’ll bring us safely home to live in his forever kingdom!


+ What things did Nebuzaradan do to the city of Jerusalem? (vs. 9-11)


+ Who did Nebuzaradan leave behind in Jerusalem? (vs. 12)

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